The Study of Protective Effect of Eugenol on Dyslipidemia Caused by Metabolic Syndrome and Serum Antioxidant Status in Male Rat Model

Introduction: Metabolic syndrome has a high prevalence and and it is accompanied by a collection of clinical symtom, such as obesity, hypertension, increased fasting blood sugar and triglyceride (TG), and HDL reduction, along with increased risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Recent studies have considered the reduction of antioxidant capacity as one of the important causes of the complications of this syndrome. Regarding the strong antioxidant effects of eugenol, the aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effects of eugenol on dyslipidemia induced by metabolic syndrome and serum antioxidant status in male rats.   Materials & Methods: This study was conducted on 24 rats which were randomly assigned into groups 1- Tap water recipient, 2- Water-rich fructose with 20% tween, 3-Fructose 10% and 4- Fructose 10% with eugenol mg / Kg 20 ip for eight weeks. At the end of experiment, blood samples were taken to measure the levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, HDL, malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity of plasma (TAC). Data are expressed as mean ± SEM. The levels cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, HDL, MDA andTAC were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by the Tukey test.   Findings: It was revealed that adding fructose to drinking water led to significant increase in animal weight, serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels, LDL and SGOT, and serum HDL levels (P <0.05). Eugenol decreased serum levels of cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL, MDA and increased serum SGOT, TAC and HDL levels (P <0.05). Serum SGPT levels did not show significant differences among the groups.   Discussion & Conclusions: Eugenol improves metabolic syndrome markers and also increases the antioxidant activity of the plasma.